香港舊樓改間隔幾乎是裝修必經一步,但消委會 2025 年底抽查顯示,超過七成半受訪裝修公司在報價單上完全冇交代「結構牆能否拆除」、亦冇提示需要入則申請。一單拆錯結構牆,輕則樓宇龜裂、重則影響整棟大廈安全,業主可被屋宇署檢控,最高罰款 $25 萬 + 監禁 1 年。本文整合屋宇署 BD 最新指引、實際罰則同 AC 設計師的避坑做法,教你由報價、簽約到施工每一步保護自己。
消委會 2025 抽查:75% 公司報價單冇講結構牆
消委會於 2025 年 11 月公布「家居裝修服務」調查,抽查 32 間中小型裝修公司,當中 24 間(75%)報價單只列「拆除磚牆 / 砌新牆」,完全冇分辨拆除對象是結構牆定間隔牆,亦冇註明是否需要入屋宇署則。當中 9 間更在面談時主動建議「拆走一幅承重牆做開放式廚房」,被消委會點名屬高風險誤導。業主簽完約之後先發現要補入則費 $1.5 萬至 $5 萬,甚至要還原拆除部分,損失隨時超過 $10 萬。要識別呢類陷阱,可參考香港室內設計公司點揀 2026 完整指南內提到嘅「6 大評分維度」,重點睇報價單透明度同合約條款。
結構牆 vs 間隔牆點分?業主 5 招自查
香港住宅大致分兩種牆:結構牆(剪力牆 / 承重牆)一拆即影響整棟大廈受力,間隔牆(紅磚 / 輕質磚 / 板牆)就純粹分隔空間。自查方法:第一,攞樓宇 As-built Drawing(搵管理處或屋宇署 BRAVO 系統下載 $50 一份);第二,敲牆聽聲,結構牆「實心沉聲」、間隔牆「空心響聲」;第三,量厚度,剪力牆通常 180mm 以上、磚牆 100-120mm;第四,睇位置,外牆、樓梯間相鄰牆、廁所污水管井牆十居其九係結構牆;第五,搵認可人士(Authorized Person, AP)到場評估,收費約 $3,000-$8,000 一次,比起被罰幾廿萬抵好多。如果你係新樓業主,落訂前可順手對照維港灣 696呎平面圖設計案例同翠竹花園 488呎平面圖設計案例,睇下 AC 點將原則改至盡而又唔掂結構。
屋宇署罰則:未經批准拆牆最高罰幾錢?
根據《建築物條例》第 123 章第 14(1) 條,任何「建築工程」未經屋宇署批准 / 同意而進行,屋主同承建商雙雙觸犯刑事罪行:首次定罪最高罰 HK$250,000 + 監禁 1 年,持續違規每日再罰 $20,000。屋宇署 2024 年數據顯示,全年發出 1,283 張清拆令,當中 67% 涉住宅單位內部結構改動,平均罰款 $3.5-$8 萬。即使最後話「我唔知佢拆嘅係結構牆」都唔係抗辯理由——法庭判決一律以實際工程影響為準。另外,業主立案法團一旦發現龜裂,可直接民事索償維修費,過往判例試過業主獨自賠成棟樓外牆維修 $80 萬。比起省入則果幾千蚊,成本根本不成比例。
合法改動流程:小型工程監管制度(MWCS)3 級分類
屋宇署「小型工程監管制度」將住宅改動分 3 級:第 I 級(高風險,如拆除結構牆、加建露台)必須由 AP / 結構工程師(RSE)入則 + 認可承建商施工,費用約 $1.5-$5 萬;第 II 級(拆非結構牆、廁所間隔)可走簡化呈交,由註冊小型工程承建商(RMC)施工,費用 $5,000-$1.5 萬;第 III 級(油漆、地板、廚櫃)完全免則。AC 操作慣例:所有涉間隔變動嘅項目,會喺報價階段就列明「結構評估費 / 入則費 / RMC 施工費」三項獨立收費,業主睇得清楚,唔會中途被加。仲想參考 AC 點將 400 呎細單位拆到盡而合法,可睇深水埗樂年花園全屋裝修案例同獨立屋翻新案例集。
AC 設計師避坑建議:簽約前 4 條必加條款
無論搵邊間公司,簽約前要求對方喺合約寫明:第一,「乙方確認所有牆身拆除工程屬非結構性質,如有結構爭議由乙方負責入則 / 還原費用」;第二,列明 MWCS 級別同對應入則費,分項報價;第三,要求出示 AP / RSE / RMC 牌照副本同保險證明;第四,加入「屋宇署清拆令條款」——若工程被署方發出清拆令,乙方須負還原全部費用。AC 標準合約一律包含呢 4 條,亦會主動建議業主額外買第三者責任保險(年費約 $1,500-$3,000),萬一拆錯影響鄰居都有得賠。想了解更多透明報價結構,可瀏覽AC 設計與工程服務頁。
結語:合法改動係細數,唔合法係大數
消委會調查同屋宇署數據都好清楚指出:香港七成幾投訴案,源頭都係「報價階段冇講清楚拆牆風險」。$1.5 萬入則費同 $25 萬罰款比起來,根本唔需要計。揀公司睇兩件事:報價單有冇拆牆分類、合約有冇結構責任條款。AC 歡迎業主帶其他公司報價單上門對比,我哋會逐項解釋差價來源,唔收諮詢費。
如需現場結構評估或度尺報價,請致電 5222 1129 或 WhatsApp 查詢,AC 設計師會於 24 小時內聯絡你,並安排認可人士到場評估牆身可否拆除。免費上門度尺:立即預約。
English Summary
According to a Hong Kong Consumer Council survey published in November 2025, 75% of audited renovation contractors failed to disclose structural-wall risks in their quotations, and nine of them actively suggested demolishing load-bearing walls to create open-plan kitchens. Under Cap. 123 of the Buildings Ordinance, demolishing a structural wall without Buildings Department (BD) approval is a criminal offence: first-time conviction carries up to HK$250,000 fine plus 12 months’ imprisonment, with continuing daily fines of HK$20,000. The BD issued 1,283 demolition orders in 2024, of which 67% involved residential interior structural alterations, with average penalties between HK$35,000 and HK$80,000. Civil liability is also significant — owners have previously been ordered to pay HK$800,000 for damage to a building’s external structure caused by improper demolition. This article explains how to distinguish structural walls (shear / load-bearing walls, typically 180mm+ thick, located on building edges, near staircases, or adjacent to sewage risers) from non-structural partition walls (brick, lightweight block, or panel walls of 100-120mm). It introduces the Minor Works Control System (MWCS) three-tier classification and corresponding submission fees ranging from HK$5,000 (Class III) to HK$50,000 (Class I). Most importantly, it lists the four mandatory contract clauses every Hong Kong homeowner should insist on before signing a renovation contract — including liability for BD demolition orders, Authorized Person (AP) licence verification, and third-party liability insurance (annual premium roughly HK$1,500-3,000). AC Design provides itemised quotations that separate structural assessment, submission, and Registered Minor Works Contractor (RMC) construction fees so clients understand every charge. To book a structural assessment or on-site measurement, call 5222 1129 or WhatsApp the team — the consultation is free, and AC welcomes clients to bring quotations from other companies for a transparent line-by-line comparison.